Table of Contents

Description

The Situation Temptation Scales, Smoking Version, is a psychometric instrument designed to assess the likelihood of experiencing temptation to smoke in various scenarios that individuals may encounter in their daily lives. This scale is valuable in understanding the triggers and contexts that can lead to smoking behaviors, offering insights into the psychological and social factors influencing users’ cravings for cigarettes.

Authors and Contact Email

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Purpose

The purpose of the Situation Temptation Scales is to identify specific situations that can elicit cravings to smoke, thus enabling researchers and clinicians to better address smoking cessation strategies and develop personalized interventions for individuals attempting to quit smoking.

Test Year

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Administration Method and Scoring

Respondents are asked to indicate their level of temptation to smoke in various situations on a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 represents “Not at all tempted” and 5 represents “Extremely tempted.”

Reliability and Validity

The scale demonstrates strong reliability and validity with reported coefficients for various factors: Negative Affect (.95), Social/Positive (.86), and Habit/Addictive (.80) (Velicer et al., 1990).

Factors and Subscales

– **20 Item Version:**
– **Negative Affect:** 3, 5, 7, 8, 18, 19
– **Social/Positive:** 1, 4, 6, 9, 10, 16
– **Habitual/Craving:** 11, 13, 14, 15, 20

– **9 Item Version:**
– **Negative Affect:** 3, 6, 9
– **Social/Positive:** 1, 4, 7
– **Habitual/Craving:** 2, 5, 8

Keywords

Smoking, craving, temptation, psychological triggers, smoking cessation

Items of Situation Temptation Scales – Smoking Version

**20 Item Version:**
1. At a bar or cocktail lounge having a drink.
2. When I am desiring a cigarette.
3. When things are not going the way I want and I am frustrated.
4. With my spouse or close friend who is smoking.
5. When there are arguments and conflicts with my family.
6. When I am happy and celebrating.
7. When I am very angry about something or someone.
8. When I would experience an emotional crisis, such as an accident or a death in the family.
9. When I see someone smoking and enjoying it.
10. Over coffee while talking and relaxing.
11. When I realize that quitting smoking is an extremely difficult task for me.
12. When I am craving a cigarette.
13. When I first get up in the morning.
14. When I feel I need a lift.
15. When I begin to let down on my concern about my health and am less physically active.
16. With friends at a party.
17. When I wake up in the morning and face a tough day.
18. When I am extremely depressed.
19. When I am extremely anxious and stressed.
20. When I realize I haven’t smoked for a while.

**9 Item Version:**
1. With friends at a party.
2. When I first get up in the morning.
3. When I am very anxious and stressed.
4. Over coffee while talking and relaxing.
5. When I feel I need a lift.
6. When I am very angry about something or someone.
7. With my spouse or close friend who is smoking.
8. When I realize I haven’t smoked for a while.
9. When things are not going my way and I am frustrated.

References

http://habitslab.umbc.edu/situation-temptation-scales/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2827205/pdf/nihms177208.pdf
Velicer, W.F., DiClemente, C.C., Rossi, J. S., Prochaska, J. O. (1990). Relapse situations and self-efficacy: An integrative model. Addictive Behaviors, 15, 271-283.