Table of Contents
Description
The Self-Efficacy Scales for Alcohol Abstinence consists of 20 items designed to evaluate an individual’s confidence in resisting alcohol under various circumstances. These items cover a range of scenarios, from experiencing cravings and negative emotions to social pressures, highlighting the psychological burdens faced by individuals striving for sobriety. The scale aims to assess the participant’s self-efficacy in maintaining abstinence from alcohol, providing insight into their resilience and coping strategies.
Authors and Contact Email
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Purpose
The purpose of the Self-Efficacy Scales for Alcohol Abstinence is to measure the confidence levels of individuals in their ability to resist drinking alcohol in various challenging situations. This assessment can be crucial for treatment planning and understanding a person’s potential for maintaining sobriety.
Test Year
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Administration Method and Scoring
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Reliability and Validity
The reliability reported for the confidence sub-scales in different studies includes Negative Affect (.88), Social/Positive (.82), Physical and Other Concerns (.83), and Withdrawal/Urges (.81) in DiClemente et al. (1994), and Negative Affect (.64), Social/Positive (.61), Physical and Other Concerns (.67), and Withdrawal/Urges (.63) in Project DELTA. These values indicate a good level of reliability.
Factors and Subscales
– **20 Item Version:**
– Negative Affect: 3, 6, 14, 16, 18
– Social/Positive: 4, 8, 15, 17, 20
– Physical and Other Concerns: 2, 5, 9, 12, 13
– Cravings and Urges: 1, 7, 10, 11, 19
– **12 Item Version:**
– Negative Affect: 1, 3, 9
– Social/Positive: 10, 11, 12
– Physical and Other Concerns: 2, 7, 8
– Cravings and Urges: 4, 5, 6
Keywords
Self-efficacy, Alcohol abstinence, Psychological resilience, Coping strategies, Cravings, Relapse prevention.
Items of ‘Self-Efficacy Scales- Alcohol Abstinence’
**20 items:**
1. When I am in agony because of stopping or withdrawing from alcohol use.
2. When I have a headache.
3. When I am feeling depressed.
4. When I am on vacation and want to relax.
5. When I am concerned about someone.
6. When I am worried.
7. When I have the urge to try just one drink to see what happens.
8. When I am being offered a drink in a social situation.
9. When I dream about taking a drink.
10. When I want to test my will power over drinking.
11. When I am feeling a physical need or craving for alcohol.
12. When I am physically tired.
13. When I am experiencing some physical pain or injury.
14. When I feel like blowing up because of frustration.
15. When I see others drinking at a bar or a party.
16. When I sense everything is going wrong for me.
17. When people I used to drink with encourage me to drink.
18. When I am feeling angry inside.
19. When I experience an urge or impulse to take a drink that catches me unprepared.
20. When I am excited or celebrating with others.
**12 items:**
1. When I am feeling depressed.
2. When I am concerned about someone.
3. When I am worried.
4. When I have the urge to try just one drink to see what happens.
5. When I want to test my will power over drinking.
6. When I am feeling a physical need or craving for alcohol.
7. When I am physically tired.
8. When I am experiencing some physical pain or injury.
9. When I feel like blowing up because of frustration.
10. When I see others drinking at a bar or a party.
11. When people I used to drink with encourage me to drink.
12. When I am excited or celebrating with others.
References
DiClemente, C. C. (1986). Self-Efficacy and the addictive behaviors. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 4, 302-315.
DiClemente, C.C., Carbonari, J.P., and Montgomery, R.P.G. (1994). The alcohol abstinence self-efficacy scale. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 55, 141-148.
DiClemente, C. C., Fairhurst, S. K., & Piotrowski, N. A. (1995). Self-Efficacy and addictive behaviors. In J. E. Maddux, ed., Self-Efficacy, adaptation, and adjustment: Theory, research, and application (pp. 109-141). New York: Plenum.
Velicer, W.F., DiClemente, C.C., Rossi, J. S., Prochaska, J. O. (1990). Relapse situations and self-efficacy: An integrative model. Addictive Behaviors, 15, 271-283.
This instrument can be found at: http://habitslab.umbc.edu/self-efficacy-scales/